Feral Heart

That image is full of GPU artifacts. The RAM on your GPU is probably no good. Sometimes the memory on your GPU goes bad. You'll probably have to replace it, if you're on a laptop that probably won't be an option. If other games do this or your desktop gets filled with garbage on screen, you can be positive that's the problem.

Modern disc storage nowadays is always several GiB, so storing the game should never be an issue (especially with many modern games being 20GiB or so in size average...). If this link is anything to go by, you also have more than enough memory at 8GiB. The game itself uses like 512MiB-1GiB of memory depending on mods installed.

Sounds to me like you filled your disc too far up or it's failing. Your wallpaper is a setting that is kinda stored on disc; it defaults to black if it doesn't load right (or at least I believe it does). If you can't write to disc, that's gonna cause an issue. (this is assuming not enough space and wallpaper is black, not back)

Well, if you really want it...
https://www.dropbox.com/s/l9z259rhzpp28lt/FeralHeart%2B.exe?dl=0

I was lucky to snag it from the torrent before all the seeders disappeared some years ago. You'll probably have to move object groups around a bunch, for when you want to visit FH+ maps and whatnot. Really, it will be a hassle to get it to work in the long run.

oh yeah, it's also a version before that aforementioned update I believe.

No amount of lag, firewall etcetra itself should cause a crash. Using any kind of booster/CPU overclocking probably won't make a difference (don't most CPUs nowadays have turbo enabled by default anyways?). Your cooling system should probably be fine, given how new your system is. CPUs will throttle themselves when hot, so there is no way to 'strain' a CPU. If you do decide to look at running temperatures, just make sure they stay below 105C or my assumption about good cooling may be wrong (Your GPU is on the same chip, so maybe worth looking at...). FH will run fine on x64 CPUs, since all x64 CPUs are backwards compatible with x86 instructions (and Windows has the library support for both sets), so no worries there.

If you hadn't made sure you're using the newest graphics driver, I'd check that first. Your CPU has an integrated GPU and sometimes they can go a bit awry (especially one as new as this running something as old as this).

Failing any of that, I'd say the sudden closing of the game to be a bit odd, as if the process is being killed. Are you running any kind of security software (antivirus and such)? Empty badfile.reminder?